Industry Analysis

    Fintech Startups That Failed: Lessons & Data

    Analysis of fintech startup failures including neobanks, crypto exchanges, lending platforms & payment startups. Data on funding lost, causes & lessons.

    31+

    Failed

    $119B

    Lost

    75%

    Fail Rate

    4.2 years

    Avg to Fail

    Failure Reasons in This Industry

    Algorithmic Stabl…FraudExcessive LeveragePonzi-Like Struct…Counterparty Loss…Counterparty Risk00.250.50.751

    Common Failure Patterns

    Regulatory Blindspots

    Fintech startups often move fast and break things — until regulators catch up. Compliance costs can 10x overnight.

    Unit Economics Ignored

    Free banking, zero-fee trading, and subsidized lending rarely lead to sustainable businesses without massive scale.

    Fraud & Governance Gaps

    FTX, Wirecard, and others show that fintech's speed attracts both innovation and fraud in equal measure.

    Failed Startups (31)

    Terra/Luna

    South Korea

    Algorithmic Stablecoin Collapse · Algorithmic stablecoins are inherently fragile. When confidence breaks, the deat…

    $207M

    2018–2022

    FTX

    Bahamas
    MEGA

    Fraud & Mismanagement · Due diligence on founder character is as important as business metrics. Lack of …

    $1.8B

    2019–2022

    Three Arrows Capital

    Singapore

    Excessive Leverage · Concentrated, leveraged bets in volatile markets with borrowed funds create casc…

    $0 (hedge fund)

    2012–2022

    Celsius Network

    USA

    Ponzi-Like Structure & Insolvency · Crypto yield platforms offering 17% APY are unsustainable. When yields come from…

    $750M

    2017–2022

    Genesis Global

    USA

    Counterparty Losses & Contagion · Crypto prime brokerage with $3B in outstanding loans collapses when multiple bor…

    $0 (DCG subsidiary)

    2013–2023

    BlockFi

    USA

    Counterparty Risk & Contagion · Crypto yield products are just unsecured lending with extreme counterparty risk.…

    $1B

    2017–2022

    Bolt Financial

    USA

    Governance Crisis & Overvaluation · A checkout company valued at $11B that ousted its controversial CEO still couldn…

    $1B

    2014–2025

    Celsius Mining

    USA

    Parent Company Insolvency · Using customer deposits to fund Bitcoin mining operations is reckless and possib…

    $750M

    2021–2022

    Divvy Homes

    USA

    Housing Market Reversal · Rent-to-own fintech models collapse when interest rates spike and home prices de…

    $735M

    2017–2024

    Core Scientific

    USA

    Energy Costs & Bitcoin Price Crash · Bitcoin mining companies are leveraged bets on crypto prices and energy costs — …

    $600M

    2017–2022

    Root Insurance

    USA

    Insurtech Profitability Challenge · Telematics-based car insurance IPO'd at $6.7B then lost 97% of value. Insurance …

    $527M

    2015–2024

    Diem (Meta/Facebook)

    USA

    Regulatory Opposition · Even Facebook (Meta) with billions in resources couldn't launch a cryptocurrency…

    $0 (Meta-funded)

    2019–2022

    EasyKnock

    USA

    Market Shift & Regulatory Issues · Sale-leaseback for homeowners sounds innovative but faces consumer protection sc…

    $455M

    2016–2024

    FTX US

    USA

    Parent Company Fraud Contagion · Even a supposedly "separate" US subsidiary collapses when the parent company com…

    $400M

    2020–2022

    Current

    USA

    Unit Economics & Banking Complexity · Neobanks targeting teens and underbanked users face high churn, low revenue per …

    $400M

    2015–2025

    Metromile

    USA

    Pay-Per-Mile Insurance Niche Too Small · Pay-per-mile car insurance is a niche product that couldn't support a public com…

    $381M

    2011–2022

    Voyager Digital

    USA

    Three Arrows Capital Contagion · Lending $660M to a single borrower (Three Arrows Capital) without collateral is …

    $100M

    2018–2022

    Brex (SMB Exit)

    USA

    Abandoned Core SMB Market · Brex raised $1.5B serving SMBs then abruptly abandoned them to chase enterprise …

    $1.5B

    2017–2023

    Dave

    USA

    SPAC Implosion & Thin Margins · A payday advance app that went public via SPAC at $4B lost 99% of its value.…

    $300M

    2016–2024

    ZestFinance

    USA

    Market Fit & Pivot Fatigue · AI-powered underwriting for subprime loans faces regulatory scrutiny and fair le…

    $292M

    2009–2020

    Tally

    USA

    Rising Interest Rates & Margin Compression · A credit card debt management app funded by cheap capital collapses when interes…

    $172M

    2015–2024

    Wonga

    UK

    Regulatory Crackdown & Predatory Lending · Payday lending at 5,853% APR attracts massive regulatory backlash.…

    $147M

    2006–2018

    Plastiq

    USA

    Margin Compression & Credit Risk · Payments businesses with thin margins can't sustain high customer acquisition co…

    $140M

    2012–2023

    Fast

    USA

    No Product-Market Fit · One-click checkout is a feature, not a company. Burning $10M/month with $600K re…

    $120M

    2019–2022

    uBiome

    USA

    Insurance Fraud & FBI Raid · Billing insurance for medically unnecessary microbiome tests is healthcare fraud…

    $105M

    2012–2019

    ScaleFactor

    USA

    AI Claims vs. Reality · Claiming AI automation while secretly using manual labor is fraud.…

    $100M

    2014–2020

    Synapse

    USA

    Compliance Failures & Missing Funds · Banking-as-a-Service platforms handling customer deposits face existential risk …

    $50M

    2014–2024

    Hodlnaut

    Singapore

    Terra/Luna Losses & Fraud · Small crypto lending platforms offering 7%+ yields on stablecoins were all expos…

    $40M

    2019–2022

    Flooz.com

    USA

    No Value Proposition · Digital currency less convenient than cash or credit cards solves no real proble…

    $35M

    1998–2001

    Clinkle

    USA

    Founder Immaturity & No Product · 22-year-old raises $30M from celebrity investors, spends it on parties and hype …

    $30M

    2011–2015

    Cushion

    USA

    Narrow Market & Acquisition Costs · A niche app to negotiate bank fee refunds has a small addressable market.…

    $22M

    2016–2025

    How to Succeed in This Industry

    • Prioritize regulatory compliance from day one — retrofitting is 10x more expensive
    • Achieve positive unit economics before Series B, not after
    • Build trust through transparency — financial customers are unforgiving of breaches
    • Partner with established financial institutions early for credibility and infrastructure

    Frequently Asked Questions

    What is the failure rate for fintech startups?

    Approximately 75% of fintech startups fail within 5 years. The heavily regulated nature of financial services, combined with high customer acquisition costs and thin margins, makes fintech particularly challenging.

    What is the most common reason fintech startups fail?

    The most common reason is unsustainable unit economics (35%), followed by regulatory challenges (25%) and fraud/governance issues (20%). Many fintech startups subsidize growth with VC money but never achieve profitable unit economics.

    Which fintech startup lost the most money?

    FTX holds the record with $32B in value destroyed and $8B+ in customer funds lost. Wirecard ($24B market cap fraud) and WeWork ($38B peak-to-bankruptcy) are also among the largest.

    Why is fintech so hard for startups?

    Fintech combines the difficulty of building technology with the burden of financial regulation, the need for trust (handling people's money), and competition from well-capitalized incumbents with existing customer bases.

    Can fintech startups succeed without a banking license?

    Many try through partnerships with licensed banks, but this creates dependency and limits product control. Companies like Chime and Revolut succeeded with this model, but many others failed when banking partners pulled out.